Treatments

Marfan Syndrome Treatments

Marfan syndrome is characterized by multiple abnormalities in the connective tissue but cardiovascular complications, specifically to the aortic root and aorta, are the most serious potential complications of Marfan syndrome.

Marfan syndrome causes the aortic root and aorta to become weak and dilated, leading to aneurysm formation. Aneurysm places strain on the aortic root and aorta potentially leading to:

  • Sudden dissection or tear within the inner wall of the aortic root and/or aorta
  • Rupture of the aortic root and/or aorta, which can lead to sudden death
In addition, the mitral valve can prolapse, causing backward flow of blood within the heart. This creates a murmur (abnormal extra sound made when the heart beats) that is heard in many, but not all, patients with Marfan syndrome. If the leaky mitral valve is left untreated, heart failure may develop.

Medications

Beta blockers, which slow the heart rate and reduce the heart's force of contraction, are useful to reduce the growth rate of the aorta and aortic root. Medications are usually started at low doses, and increased by the cardiologist to achieve optimal blood pressure and heart rate.