Causes and Diagnoses

Causes and Diagnoses of an Enlarged Prostate

While the exact cause is unknown, an enlarged prostate is associated with men’s changing hormone levels. Men age 50 and above are more likely to have an enlarged prostate and should undergo regular screenings so that symptoms can be treated as early as possible.

Diagnosis of enlarged prostate can be made with several tests, including:

• Digital rectal exam (DRE): A physician determines the size and health of your prostate by inserting a gloved finger into your rectum.
• Cysto-urethroscopy: Also known as cystoscopy, this test uses a scope inserted in the urethra to examine the prostate.
• Transrectal and transanal 3D ultrasound: These ultrasounds show images of the low rectum, anal sphincters and pelvic floor in patients with a variety of anorectal disorders.
• CT scan: This test uses X-rays and a computer to make detailed images of the urinary tract.
• Complex uroflowmetry: This procedure measures the amount of urine in the bladder and the rate at which the urine flows.
• Pressure-flow voiding study: This test determines the ability of the bladder and urethra to properly expel urine.