Treatments

Treatments for Neuromyelitis Optica Spectrum Disorder

Early diagnosis and consistent treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are essential to reducing disease activity and preserving neurological function.

Treatment for NMOSD focuses on stopping acute attacks and preventing future relapses. Acute episodes are usually treated with high dose intravenous corticosteroids, sometimes followed by plasma exchange if symptoms are severe or do not improve.

Long term relapse prevention is critical and often involves targeted immunosuppressive therapies such as eculizumab, satralizumab or inebilizumab, as well as older agents like rituximab or azathioprine.